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Access to units and research laboratories
(See the French version)

Research university structures

From 1994 to 1998, a basic support has been brought to university research teams, integrated into structures called Research teams (RT), thanks to a budget provided for the General Direction of Scientific Research and Technological Renovation (DGRSRT). This support is based on a formula granting, directly and regularly, minimun funding to these teams on the basis of their contribution to the graduate training in all disciplines.

In 1994, the formula Research Teams being new, it started off  with a number of 216 teams that have been identified thanks to a form established by the DGRSRT to this effect. This number has reached more than 400 university research teams and has been stabilised in the last two years (385 in 1997, 418 in 1998).

The financing of this operation is done with funding from Title I of the budget allocated to the Ministry of Higher Education.
Since 1999, the provisions of the orientation law n° 96-6, January 31th, 1996, relating to scientific research and technological development, have been increasingly introduced. This has permitted the structuring of research activities within Research Units (RU) and Research Laboratories (RL).

Indeed, a first structuring operation has been carried out through a ministerial order n°10/99, on February 19th, 1999, that has launched a call for candidacies for Research Laboratories as well as for Research Units. This operation has made possible the creation of 39 RL and 230 RU.

Moreover, the Ministry of Higher Education acts to support this research structuring by :

• Creation and Consolidation of research structures (RL and RU) by calls for tender publicized periodically. The evolution of these research structures is described in the following charts :

  1) For the RL

  Year	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
  Number of RL	39	39	65	65	72	72	85
  Number of Research Members	1252	1425	2154	2154	2655	3003	3474

  2)  For the RU
  - RU financed by the Ministry of Higher Education :

  Year	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
  Number of RU	230	259	286	332	385	442	507
  Number of Research Members	3634	3582	3851	4589	5601	7289	8112

  - RU financed by the Ministry of Scientific Research, Technology and Competence Development :

  Year	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
  Number of RU	0	0	4	4	16	15	22
  Number of Research Members	0	0	62	63	441	441	585

• Creation of Doctoral Schools (DS) aiming at developing training system, at improving national capacities of supervision, at doubling academic research through the grouping of human, authorized and additional potentialities, around several fields of 3rd cycle studies and consequently around several research teams (RL, RU).
  Doctoral Schools aim, also, at endowing research with a bigger capacity of creativity and for inventiveness.
  The objectives of Doctoral Schools are :

          - Apply the principle of partnership,

          - Anchor the spirit of innovation,

          - to keep abreast of scientific research,

          - Raise itself at the level of the world technological progress,
  
          - Create excellent training poles through research.

• Substantial and annual increase of financial means given to various research structures according to the Presidential decision ordering to raise, gradually, the budget dedicated to the scientific research to reach 1,25 % of the GDP in 2009.

• Substantial and annual increase of human resources by traditional recruitment,  by contract, or by detachment  according to orientation law n°96-6 of January 31st, 1996 and in particular of its article 10.